GERMAN WRITER IN MEXICO: THE PHENOMENON OF B. TRAVEN AND WAYS OF IT STUDYING

Abstract

The article is devoted to a review of the artistic phenomenon of B. Traven. The purpose of the article is to analyze the methodological approaches to the study of the writer's work, which were formed in the philological science of many countries: Germany, Mexico, Russia, the USA, Australia, Uruguay. It is noted that during the writer's lifetime there was a tendency to find out his identity, so the biographical approach was the most powerful. The main disadvantage of this area was the neglect of the analysis of the creative work of the writer. Modern researchers involve the figure of B. Traven in cultural linguistics, cultural studies, civilizational, intermedial studies. Changes in vectors in the study of the work of the mysterious writer coincide with worldview changes on the European and American continents. But despite all the worldview shifts, few are interested in the poetics of B. Traven. Studies of the actual artistic features of his work, the internal poetic patterns of his style have not yet formed the necessary methodological tools. It is concluded that B. Traven appears as a phenomenon demanded by the current situation of cultural diffusion. His creative figure embodies the idea of blurred borders and boundaries – state, personal, linguistic, genre, artistic – and as such can concentrate in itself the problems of a whole range of philological research. Further study of the phenomenon of B. Traven in the stream of cultural-historical method is offered, which allows to analyze the work of the writer in the context of aesthetic, socio-economic, political paradigms of the epoch.